THE AIM is to develop an approach to rationalize the choice of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The materials were: State Register of Medicines of the Russian Federation; standards of medical care and clinical recommendations for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland; data from the software for the preferential supply «L`gota-2014» of the pharmacy chain of the State Autonomous Institution «Regional Pharmacy Warehouse»; data on the quality of life of patients with malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland on hormonal therapy (70 questionnaires) and expert assessment of the effectiveness and safety of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland (9 questionnaires). During the research, the following methods were used: documentary and sociological research, structural-logical, situational, ABC-analysis and the method of expert assessment of the effectiveness and safety of anticancer drugs. RESULTS. The justification and development of an approach to rationalizing the choice of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland was carried out on the basis of a study of: the range of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland, registered and recommended for use in the Russian Federation for patients with malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland; a list of drugs purchased within the framework of the regional benefit and the system for providing the necessary drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland, including an ABC analysis of the purchase of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland at the outpatient level of medical care; results of assessing the quality of life of patients with malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland and expert assessment of the effectiveness and safety of drugs recommended for use for the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland. The conducted studies made it possible to formulate criteria for inclusion of the studied drugs used in the treatment of diarrhea in: rational lists of drugs for drug provision of the population within the framework of state guarantee programs for the provision of free medical care to citizens for regional procurement at the inpatient and outpatient levels; a rational list of drugs for organizing drug supply to the population at the expense of citizens’ personal funds for pharmacy organizations. CONCLUSION. The developed rational lists of drugs used in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the prostate gland have been introduced into practical activities related to the organization of drug provision for urological cancer patients at the regional level.