The purpose of the study was to conduct an organizational and economic assessment of preferential drug provision for patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Rostov region. Materials and methods. During the study, monitoring data of the Ministry of Health of the Rostov Region on the implementation of preferential drug provision were used. Methods of structural-logical, comparative analysis and determination of average indicators were used. Conclusion. An organizational and economic assessment of preferential drug provision (LLO) of patients suffering from diabetes in the Rostov region was carried out. A description of the number of patients entitled to state support measures in terms of drug provision was given. It was found that only about 20% of the federal beneficiaries retained the right to receive medicines at the expense of the federal budget. For drug therapy of patients, 9 schemes are used Treatment, medical care in the region for patients with diabetes is provid- ed by 191 endocrinologists, as well as therapists and pediatricians, 199 endo- crinological beds have been deployed for patients with severe complications of the consequences of diabetes. The financial costs of LPOs from the regional budget exceed almost 2 times the costs of federal beneficiaries, the number of which is almost three times less than the number of regional ones. The cost per regional beneficiary is 12,099.19 rubles, which is 21.9% higher than the cost of a beneficiary under a federal benefit (9926.9 rubles). When studying the cost structure of hypoglycemic drugs, the predominance of costs for in- sulin analogues in the range was established. It should be pointed out that, in addition to hypoglycemic drugs, beneficiaries are provided with test strips for determining blood sugar levels at home and consumables for insulin pumps.